The main causes of the operation of the difavomat
Reasons for triggering
Without load
Old housing funds, in which the insulation of wires is on the verge of wear (and in some places it is completely absent), can cause spontaneous leakage current, which depend on the humidity in the room, the presence of foreign objects and small animals nearby.
In houses where the wiring was replaced by the forces of the residents, due to a careless attitude to the installation rules, the operation of the difavtomat in the shield can occur. Also, the main causes of disconnection include damaged insulation of the wire during installation, hidden twisting in the wall when the wire was built up (gross violation), miscalculation in the insulation and location of junction boxes, as well as electrical accessories.
To understand why the difavtomat works without load, you have to do wiring audit. In this case, first you need to determine which group of wiring is the problem: sockets or lighting, because these are separate lines. For example, if differential protection is knocked out when the light is turned on, then the matter is in the lighting line, and if, when the plug is connected to the outlet, it is likely the outlet group (just first make sure that the connected device itself is working).
With earth and zero
Sometimes, if the PE and N wires are improperly installed and connected in the junction box or outlet, the differential circuit breaker switches off. It would seem that zero and ground are connected on the same PEN terminal in the switchboard. If we turn to the principle of protection, we see that the conditions of equality are not satisfied since the outgoing current is divided into two conductors and only one of them passes through a differential transformer. Therefore, the protection is falsely triggered.
IN=IN1+IPE1
IL ≠ IN1
This is often caught by novice home masters, because they do not have the proper experience and do not delve into the principle of the differential automaton. About how to perform PEN conductor separation read in our article!
When load is turned on
If, when the consumer is connected, the difleftomat is constantly triggered in the apartment, then it has a problem with insulation. This is a signal that the operation of this device is not safe. It is necessary to take measures for independent troubleshooting or call a specialist to diagnose and eliminate the cause.
Ignoring this fact is dangerous for the life of the consumer and his family, and this is also a common cause of fire. Therefore, if you have a difavtomat working when you turn on the washing machine, water heater, vacuum cleaner or other type of household appliance, we advise you to immediately proceed with repair or take the problem device to a service center. About, how to repair home appliances do it yourself, we talk in a separate section of the site. If the differential machine operates on a heated floor in a private house, then the matter is in the heating cable, which needs to be phoned and, if necessary, repaired.
With a power surge
The built-in protection of the electronic circuit of the differential machine can turn off the power to the circuit when the voltage is exceeded. This ability, however, is not possessed by all devices, but only with an electronic control circuit. Also, protection can be disabled during power-up due to a short circuit inside the consumer itself, as the difavtomat can turn off during a short circuit.
One more reason for triggering should be highlighted - the poor quality of the device itself. If you knock out the protection in the shield some time after switching on, or for example only at night, try replacing the machine with a new one. However, to begin with, check all the other probable factors that we described above.
Troubleshooting
If the differential machine has worked, you can try to turn it on again. This will eliminate the case of operation when power surge. If the attempt was unsuccessful, then you need to disconnect the consumer from the outlet, which is controlled by the difavtomat, and try again to turn it on. Did you turn it on? So the problem is isolation of the consumer.
In the case when the attempt failed and the device still works, you need to look for the reason further. Now you can unscrew the outgoing wires L and N from the device and thus check its operation, without load. The working device should turn on and work when you press the "TEST" button.
The search algorithm for the causes of the operation of the differential automaton is provided in the diagram:
We also recommend that you watch the video, which often demonstrates frequent errors when connecting differential protection, as a result of which the device is knocked out:
So we examined the main reasons why the difavtomat works in the shield. We hope you now know what to do to solve the problem!
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